Refrigerating-machine.



J'.- 'D. ROIS; REFRIGERATING MACHINE..

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6| I9I3' Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I LEM.

/WENTQR JAW/f5 /fam mwwfrs WHA/58355 J. D. ROSS.

aEFRlGER/nma meme. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-6| |9|3 1 1 95,269, PatentedAug. 22, 1916.

2 SHEETS- SHEET 2.

dgl/w55 @as @Timo L2/D JAMES D. Rossonisnnfrrnn, Wnsnmoron.

' 'nnFnGEnATIn-MACI- Iirm v 1,195,269Qf r To all whom t may concern: l

ist

Be it known that I, JAMES D. Ros s, a citizen ofthe United States,'and aresident of Seattle, in the county of King andState of Vashington, haveinvented anew and 1mproved Refrigerating-Machine, of which the;following is a full, clear, and exact description.

fected` by the evaporation of a liquefied or the 'expansion of acompressed gas.

instance's'poisonous, and heretoforel it has been practicallyimpossiblel tof'design Vand install a'refrigerating system adapted foruse in residences and business places because of the constantattentionyrequiredtomain-j invention comprises-variousnovel' features fof construction and arrangement 4lof parts whicht'will be fully 'setforthin the'follow` tain the'system gastight. Y

i n -i'sone of the. Objects, of 'the present ijn;

vention-'to prcvidean extremely simp'le,'.dul rable and efficientrefrigerating .system which automatically"maintains a substantiallyuniform ltemperature andfwhichjdoes' not ree: quir the-care -ofanattendant except only.

occasionally for y the 4purpose ofy inspection tozsee that `theapparatus isoperating atfits best efficiency.

The place 'where leakage ismost serious 'in presentfsystems isy at thepump vor compressor,l and to overcome all chancesof-leak-v Aage tliefpresent' System contemplatesthe complete incasing of ..t h'e pump vandvmeans .for operating the same, 'so that there is posiff, v

tivelyno leakage [of gas.. The pump may be of reciprocating orlcentrifugaltype, and the shaft thereof. is preferablyconnected withytherotor of an'induction motor; ,The pump andsrotory of,l the, motor areinc'ased,l and the. sulfurdioxid, ammonia or "other refrigerant 'isfreeto passfto'the chamber inclosingthe rotor, Ibut lealmge'.A from suchChamber. to the atmosphere is absolutely prevented.. Thevinvclosingycasing for thev motor may be A,so deA signed as to'includevv thestatoras Well' the rotor, as the refrigerantzis anhydrouaandconsequentlyrusti-ngof the-machine will not. take place, andthe..Vwindings 'for therot'o'r can be suitablyf"protectedj't withstand theThS'nVention relates to refrigerating Sys# f tems 0f that type wherein.the @conn-gis @fl l 'ges invention isthe` provision 'of simple andeffective. means for controlliin f "the .gstartirlgjstoppingl and run-vning ofpft e motorjin such' afmanner that` the system willA maintanlapractically in 'connection' with thev `motor- `controlling means,adeyice for opening and closing a, 6 0

flow ofcooling Water for. the condensingucoil i stopped or started thecooling'wate. be

cut-offer.turnedon.V A f. An additionalobjectis the employment ofv 65an-asplrator '1n series with the centrifugal pump and Acooling coil,-wl1er`eby "the contmually pumped `liquid sulfurfdioxid, am-

monia lorother refrigerant, will'e'ntrap vapor' and draw it out oftherefrigerating.coil'and `70 cause' condensation ofthe-,vapor bythein-- termingling of the latter .wi'ththe-'liquid in the condensing coil."V

With such objectsi wlll'appear as the description proceeds,*the` 75 ing'description and claims appended hereto.` vIn` the accompanyingdrawings, which` 80 villustrate certainfeinbodimentsof:the inven?.

tion, andv wherein similar reference charfrigerating system' andvcontrolling@means therefor, with certain parts of the'sy'stemiinsection Fig. 2 is a sectional View of the re-V rigerating systemincluding a. multiple# vstagecentrifugal pump; and Fig. '3 is a' 9ofragmentary sectional I view showing the. enl tire motor 'incased yReferring to the drawing, A designates the top "or wall cfa refrigeratorof a l rroom to be cooled, there' being within'the 95 refrigerator orroom a refrigerating coil IB, "which has the `end .1 4connected with acondensing coil 2 and the other-end 3"connected withan aspirator C. -Apipe lm lezjtds from thepipe l vat a'point'between `100 the 'coilsB and2te a centrifugalpump D,

the,v rotary element 5 0f which is secured to a shaft' 6 that isdriyenby .aninduction motorE. The rotor'7 of the induction motorissecured directly tothe shaft 6, which 'lat- 105 `jter isjournaled inbearings 8fand 9. Surfroundingfthej rotor is astator 10' havingenergizingwindings 111. .The pump `l) is provided with a gasitighteasing 12 and the rotor 7 is inclosed in-. a gas-tighty casing 13. 110Bothof-said casings have openings-14 and 15, respectively, throughwhich,v the Vshaftfti g freely'extends. The gaseous refrigerant is freeto pass from the casing 12 into the l *casing 13, and as the'bearings 8and 9 are disposed respectively lin the easings'12 and 13, the shaftdoes not require packings or stuiiing boxes, since such shaft does notextend `through the outer walls of the said casings. By this means itisobvious that there is no chance for the refrigerant to escape into theatmosphere and become la menace t'o health, The centrifugal pump D is ofany desired type, so that the details of construction need not beexplained; and this pump is provided with a nozzle 16 which is disposedwithin the chamber of the aspirator C. VThis chamber 17 has a conicalwall 18 provided with an expanding port or nozzle passage 19, `and thecontracted tip of the nozzle 16 is disposed close to and in alinementwith the port 19. vThe pump draws the condensed refrigerant from thecondensing coil 2 through the pipe 4, and this liquid 1s dischargedthrough the nozzle 16,

which creates a suction in the chamber 17,

and as such chamber 17 is connected with the vaporizing or expansioncoil B, the vapor from the latter is drawn out and caused to mingle withthe liquid sulfur dioxid, and

is consequently condensed in the coil 2. A contraction or choked passage20 is pro vided in the pipe 1 at a point between the coil- B and branch4, and the liquid sulfur dioxid under high pressure abruptly expands inentering the coil B, and. in expansion absorbs heatv units from the airsurrounding the coil, in a manner well known.

The condensing coil 2, as well as part of the aspirator C, is cooled inany suitable manner, as for instance, by being inclosed 1v,in a chamber21 through which water flows. .This chamber has a supply pipe 22 and adischarge'pipe 23, and in the supply pipe vis a valve 24 which isadapted to automatically open and close as conditions require. ".545

'' effected synchronously with the starting The opening and closing ofthis -valve are and stopping of the motor E, and, furthermore, theseloperations are accomplished preferably automatically, as by means of athermostat located in the chamber which is cooled by the refrigeratingsystem. Hence,

as shown "in Fig. 1, the cooled chamber is lprovided with a thermostat25 which is adapted to engage ixed contacts 26 and 27 atpredeterminedlow .and high temperature limits. The thermostat 25 is connected by awire 28 with a supply main 29, and the .contacts 26 and 27 are connectedrespectively gage contacts 38 and 39. The contact 38 is connected withthe supply main 29, and the contact 39 is connected by a wire 40 withone terminal of the energizing windings 1l of the induction motor E. Theother terminal of the field windings of the motor is connected by a wire41 with the supply mains 35. When the temperature in the cooled chamberrises, the thermostat 25 engages the contact 27 and current then flowsthrough that circuit in which the winding 33 of the solenoid isincluded.' The circuit closer for the motor is consequently closed sothat the motor will start and cause the refrigerant to be pumped throughthe system. When the cooled chamber is lowered in temperature to therequired limit the thermostat 25 willengage the Contact 26 and therebyclose the circuits in which the winding 32 of the solenoid is included,such winding causing the motor circuit closer to be opened, so that thepump will be stopped. The contacts 26 and 27 are connected respectivelyby wires 42 and 43 with sections 44 and 45 of the solenoid G, suchwindings being also connected with the supply main 35. The core 46 ofthe solenoid G is connected with a lever 47 of the valve 24, so that bymeans of the thermostat 25 the section 44 of the solenoid G will beenergized when the valve 24 is to be opened, while the section 45 willbe energized when the valve is to be closed.

It is to be noted that the housing or casing A13 for the rotor of themotor may be made of non-conductive material, so that eddy currents willnot be set up therein, but if a conductive material is used it should beof such high resistance that the losses due to eddy currents will bepractically m'l.

-In Fig. 2 a modification is shown with respect to the pump D betweenthe condensing coil 2 and refriger'ating coil B. The pump is shown as amulti-stage centrifugal pump whichserves to cause an effectivecirculation of the liquid and gaseous refrigerant without need of anaspirator. This pump is shown diagrammatically, but it is to beunderstood that a pump of any suitable design will be satisfactory.

The modification shown in Fig. 3 resides solely in the use of agas-tight casing or housing 13*11 for inclosing the entire motor, thatis to say, the rotor and stator. As the refrigerant is anhydrous it hasno injurious effects on the parts ofthe motor and the coils can besuitablyprotected so as not to be affected by the gaseous atmosphere inwhich the motor isenveloped. Obviously a reciprocating pump may beemployed in connection with the induction motor, and in this case thepump and motor will be contained in a gas-tight housing for the purposeshereinbefore mentioned. Q

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, the advantages of the construction and method of .operationwillbe readily understood by those skilled in the art to which theinvention appertains, and while I have described the principle ofoperation, together with the apparatus which I now consider to be thebest embodiment thereof, I desire to Ahave it understood that theapparatus shown is-merely illustrative, and that such changes may bemade when desired as are within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

l. A refrigerating machine comprising a condensing coil, an expansioncoil, an expansion means between the coils for causing the refrigerantto expand, in entering the expansion coil, a pump having its suctionside connected-between the said means and condensing coil, an aspiratorbetween the delivery `side of the pump and the condens.-

ing coil, and a connection between the ex pansion coil andaspirator-'whereby the latter draws o` the expanded gas from the former.

2. A refrigerating machine comprising a condensing "coil, an expansioncoil into which refrigerant from the condensing coil eX- pands, aArotary pump lconnected with both coils, 'and an aspirator connectedwith the discharge end of the expansion coil and re ceiving end of thecondensing coil, and also connected with the pump, whereby the Huiddischarged from the latter will draw the expanded gas from the'expansion coil.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to -this -specification inthe Vpresence of two subscribing witnesses:

, JAMESl D.v Ross. Witnesses: v

W. J. MQKEEN, L. ROSE.

